By the late 19th century, trademarks began to replace traditional emblems, like coats of arms, as identifying symbols for companies. At first, logos tended to be figurative, but over time they morphed into the abstract marks that we see everywhere today. Yet many iconic brands—like Rolex, BMW, Louis Vuitton, and the New York Yankees—still use logos designed 100 years ago.

Bringing together two previous volumes—Logo Beginnings and Logo Modernism—into one compendium, design expert Jens Müller (dubbed “the logo detective” by Wired magazine) has trawled historical trademark archives and design publications to unearth 1000s of logos from as far back as 1870, including many forgotten designs and early versions of today’s brand identifiers.

For clarity and ease of reference, both the Beginnings and Modernism sections are divided into categories (like Pictorial, Form, Effect, and Typographic) with each category further subdivided by basic design elements, like circle, line, alphabet, overla